وَتَعْظِيمُ أَمْرِ الْيَمِينِ الَّتِي يَحْلِفُ فِيهَا باللهِ جَلَّ وَعَلَا

And glorifying the matter of the oath which one swears by Allah, the Almighty and Exalted.

وَتَقَدَّمَ أَنَّ أَصْلَ التَّعْظِيمِ فِي ذِكْرِ اسْمِ رَبِّنَا جَلَّ جَلَالُهُ فِي كَلَامِ الْبَشَرِ وَإِيرَادِ الْأَيْمَانِ بِاسْمِهِ سُبْحَانَهُ وَتَعَالَى

And it has been mentioned that the basis of glorification regarding the mention of our Lord's name, may His majesty be glorified, in human speech and the presenting of oaths in His name, may He be glorified and exalted,

هُوَ أَمْرٌ مُعَظَّمٌ شَرْعًا وَمَطْلُوبٌ تَوْقِيرُ لَفْظِ الْجَلَالَةِ وَاسْمِ رَبِّنَا الْكَرِيمِ سُبْحَانَهُ

is a matter that is glorified in the Sharia, and it is required to honor the name of majesty and the name of our Noble Lord, may He be glorified.

أَلَّا يُبْتَذَلَ عَلَى الْأَلْسِنَةِ وَأَنْ لَا يُسْتَهَانَ بِهِ فِي ذِكْرِ الْكَلَامِ

That it should not be cheapened on the tongues, and that it should not be treated lightly when mentioning speech.

وَلِهَذَا قَالَ اللهُ تَعَالَى وَلَا تَجْعَلُوا اللهَ عُرْضَةً لِأَيْمَانِكُمْ أَنْ تَبَرُّوا وَتَتَّقُوا وَتُصْلِحُوا بَيْنَ النَّاسِ عَلَى أَحَدِ الْمَعْنَيَيْنِ اللَّذَيْنِ تَقَدَّمَ ذِكْرُهُمَا فِي الْآيَةِ الْكَرِيمَةِ

And for this reason, Allah the Almighty said: 'And do not make Allah an obstacle to your oaths that you might be righteous, fear God, and make peace between people,' according to one of the two meanings which have previously been mentioned in the noble verse.

فَإِذَا كَانَ إِيرَادُ اسْمِ اللهِ سُبْحَانَهُ وَتَعَالَى مُعَظَّمًا وَمَطْلُوبًا أَنْ لَا يَبْتَذِلَهُ الْعَبْدُ فِي كَلَامِهِ وَأَنْ لَا يَسْتَكْثِرَ مِنْهُ فِي حَلِفِهِ وَأَيْمَانِهِ فَمِنْ بَابٍ أَوْلَى أَنْ يَكُونَ تَعْظِيمُ اسْمِ اللهِ فِي الْيَمِينِ الَّتِي يَتَكَلَّمُ بِهَا الْمَرْءُ غَيْرَ صَادِقٍ عِيَاذًا باللهِ وَالْحَدِيثُ فِي هَذَا الْمَعْنَى

So if presenting the name of Allah, may He be glorified and exalted, is something to be glorified and it is required that the servant does not cheapen it in his speech and that he does not multiply it in his swearing and oaths, then it is even more imperative that the name of Allah be glorified in the oath which a person speaks while being untruthful, may Allah protect us, and the Hadith is in this meaning.

قَالَ صَلَوَاتُ اللهِ وَسَلَامُهُ عَلَيْهِ مَنْ حَلَفَ عَلَى يَمِينِ صَبْرٍ أَوْ يَمِينِ صَبْرٍ فَإِذَا قَرَأْتَهَا بِالتَّنْوِينِ يَمِينٌ صَبْرٌ تَكُونُ عَلَى الصِّفَةِ وَسَيَأْتِيكَ مَعْنَى الصَّبْرِ

He, the prayers of Allah and peace be upon him, said: 'Whoever swears a yamin sabr (oath of patience),' or 'yaminun sabr' if you read it with tanween, 'yaminun sabr,' it acts as an adjective, and the meaning of 'sabr' will come to you.

وَيُضْبَطُ أَيْضًا بِالْإِضَافَةِ عَلَى يَمِينِ صَبْرٍ قَالَ ابْنُ الْمُلَقِّنِ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ وَهُوَ الْمَعْرُوفُ الْمَشْهُورُ فِي الرِّوَايَةِ يَعْنِي بِالْإِضَافَةِ

It is also read with the genitive construction (idafa) as 'yamin sabr'. Ibn al-Mulaqqin, may Allah have mercy on him, said: 'And it is the known and famous one in the narration,' meaning the genitive construction.

قَالَ مَنْ حَلَفَ عَلَى يَمِينِ صَبْرٍ يَقْتَطِعُ بِهَا مَالَ امْرِئٍ مُسْلِمٍ هُوَ فِيهَا فَاجِرٌ لَقِيَ اللهَ وَهُوَ عَلَيْهِ غَضْبَانُ

He said: 'Whoever swears an oath of patience (yamin sabr) by which he seizes the wealth of a Muslim man while he is a sinner in it, will meet Allah while He is angry with him.'

وَنَزَلَتِ الْآيَةُ إِنَّ الَّذِينَ يَشْتَرُونَ بِعَهْدِ اللهِ وَأَيْمَانِهِمْ ثَمَنًا قَلِيلًا إِلَى آخِرِ الْآيَةِ

And the verse was revealed: 'Indeed, those who exchange the covenant of Allah and their oaths for a small price...' to the end of the verse.